英语六级阅读理解附详解:移民教育

　　A11 of chis hands the state a golden opportunity. At a time when many states will strugglewith labor shortages because of modest population growth. Arizona has a priceless chance mbuild a populous, hardworking and skilled workforce on which to base future prosperity. Theproblem is that Arizona and its Latino residents may not be able to seize this opportunity. Fartoo many of Arizona's Latinos drop out of high school or fail to obtain the basic educationneeded for more advanced study. As a result,educational deficits areholding back manyLatinos-and the state as well. To be sure, construction and low-end service jobs continue toabsorb tens of thousands of Latino immigrants with little formal education. But over the longtern. most of Arizona's Latino citizens remain ill-prepared to prosper in an increasinglydemanding knowledge economy.

　　For the reason, the educational uplift of Arizona's huge Latino population must move to thecenter of the state's agenda. After all, the education deficits of Arizona's Latino population willseverely cramp the fortunes of hardworking people if they go unaddressed and could wellundercut the state's ability to compete in the new economy. At the entry level, slower growthrates may create more competition for low-skill jobs. displacing Latinos from a significantmeans of support. At the higher end. shortages of Latinos educationally ready to move up willmake it that much harder for knowledge-based companies staff high-skill positions.

　　如果亚利桑那州要充分利用拉丁裔人口快速增长带来的机会的话，拉丁裔青年需要获得更好的教育。亚利桑那州快速增长的拉丁裔人口为该州展现了美好前景，但也带来了一个挑战，[l]与生育高峰期出生人口的老龄化相比，拉丁裔人口生育高峰对该州经济和社会结构的重新定向更具根本性影响。

　　在过去的十年，移民和自然增长使亚利桑那州的人口增加了60万拉丁裔居民。现在菲尼克斯和图森两市l8岁以下的人口有一半是拉丁裔。未来20年在亚利桑那州的两个最大的劳动力市场，拉丁裔将占该州自产初入市场劳动力资源的半数。

　　更有甚者，西班牙裔正在成为经济的关键贡献者。[2]大多数人并未注意到，在亚利桑那州出生的拉丁裔弥补了大部分他们的移民父母在经济和教育方面的不足。例如，第二代墨西哥裔美国人肯定能平均上12年学，而他们的父母却只上了不足9年学。这意味着，只用了一代人时间，他们就消除了父母与第三代非西班牙裔白人之间70%的差距。

　　所有这种情况为亚利桑那州带来了绝好的机会。在许多州因为人口增长有限而将要穷于应付劳动力不足之时。亚利桑那州得到一个宝贵的机会来建立一支人数众多、工作勤奋和技术熟练的劳动力大军，为未来的繁荣打下基础。问题在于亚利桑那州及其拉丁裔居民未必能抓住这个机会。[3]因为亚利桑那州有太多的拉丁裔从高中辍学或未能获得深造所需要的基础教育。结果教育不足拖了许多拉丁裔的后腿——也拖了亚利桑那州的后腿。固然，建筑业和低级服务业会继续吸引成千上万未受过充分正式教育的拉丁裔移民，[5]但从长远来看，大多数拉丁裔公民仍然对在要求越来越高的知识经济中取得成功缺乏准备。

　　[4]为此，提升亚利桑那州大量拉丁裔人口的教育水平必须提到州议事日程的中心位置。毕竟，如果亚利桑那州的拉丁裔人口受教育不足问题仍然得不到重视的话，将会严重限制工作勤奋的人取得成功的机会，也会大大削弱亚利桑那州在新经济情况下的竞争力。从低处来说，缓慢的增长率可能导致低技术要求工作岗位竞争更激烈。而把拉丁裔人从重要的劳动力生力军中排挤出去。[5]而从高处来说，由于缺乏为适应工作升迁而获得充分教育的拉丁裔，以致以知识为基础的公司员工高技术要求岗位更难得到补充。

　　1. The Latino population is changing Arizona's__________________.

　　A) aging problem

　　B) educational system

　　C) economic structure

　　D) financial deficits

　　2. What can be inferred from the third paragraph?

　　A) The Latino population in Arizona is made up of Hispanics and Mexican-Americans.

　　B) The first-generation Latinos are immigrants instead of being born in America.

　　C) 70 percent of the first-generation Latinos had less schooling than nine years.

　　D) The educational system used to be in favor of the non-Hispanic Whites.

　　3. "Educational deficits" (Line 7. Para. 4) most probably means that______________.

　　A) the state did not put much money into education

　　B) many Latinos are too poor to obtain education

　　C) education is not a profitable enterprise

　　D) many Latinos are not well-educated

　　4. According to the author. Arizona should give highest priority to________________.

　　A) controlling the Latino population

　　B) enhancing the educational level of the Latino population

　　C) improving the knowledge-based economy

　　D) building the Latino population into hardworking and skilled workforce

　　5. It is implied that in the long run most Latinos in Arizona will_______________.

　　A) be jobless

　　B) be badly-paid

　　C) do low-skill jobs

　　D) do high-skill jobs